Bulldozer

A bulldozer or dozer (also called a crawler) is a large, motorized machine that travels on continuous tracks or large tires and is equipped with a metal blade to the front for pushing material: soil, sand, snow, rubble, or rock during construction or conversion work. When needed, a hook-like device (termed a ripper) can be mounted on the rear to loosen dense materials.

A powerful track-laying tractor with caterpillar tracks and a broad curved upright blade at the front for clearing ground.

A heavy, driver-operated machine for clearing and grading land, usually having continuous treads and a broad hydraulic blade in front.

A multi-purpose tractor with a front-mounted loading bucket and a rear-mounted digging bucket. The tractor combines a front-end loader/loader and an excavator/digger.

Backhoe

A backhoe—also called rear actor or back actor—is a type of excavating equipment, or digger, consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm. It is typically mounted on the back of a tractor or front loader, the latter forming a "backhoe loader" (a US term, but known as a "JCB" in Ireland and the UK).

A mechanical excavator whose bucket is attached by a hinge to a two-part arm and is drawn backward to the machine when in operation.

A piece of excavating equipment consisting of a digging bucket or scoop on the end of an articulated arm, drawn backwards to move earth. Used in excavator/digger and backhoe tractors.

A multi-purpose tractor with a front-mounted loading bucket and a rear-mounted digging bucket. The tractor combines a front-end loader/loader and an excavator/digger.

An excavator whose shovel bucket is attached to a hinged boom and is drawn backward to move earth.